Essay about The Ideals Of Instrumental Music - 840 Words

At one point in the study of the Romantic period of music, we come upon the first of several apparently opposing conditions that plague all attempts to grasp the meaning of Romantic as applied to the music of the 19th century. This opposition involved the relation between music and words. If instrumental music is the perfect Romantic art, why is it acknowledged that the great masters of the symphony, the highest form of instrumental music, were not Romantic composers, but were the Classical composers, Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven? Moreover, one of the most characteristic 19th century genres was the Lied, a vocal piece in which Shubert, Schumann, Brahams, and Wolf attained a new union between music and poetry.†¦show more content†¦Instrumental music thus became a vehicle for the utterance of thoughts which, although first hinted in words, may ultimately be beyond the power of words to fully express. Practically every composer of the era was, to some degree, writing program music, weather or not this was publicly acknowledged. One reason it was so easy for listeners to connect a scene or a story or a poem with a piece of Romantic music is that often the composer himself, perhaps unconsciously, was working from some such ideas. Writers on music projected their own conceptions of the expressive functions of music into the past, and read Romantic programs into the instrumental works not only of Beethoven, but also the likes of Mozart, Haydn, and Bach! The diffused scenic effects in the music of such composers as Mendelssohn and Schumann seem pale when compared to the feverish, and detailed drama that constitutes the story of Berliozs Symphonie fantastique (1830). Because his imagination always seemed to run in parallel literary and musical channels, Berlioz once subtitled his work quot;Episode in the life of an artistquot;, and provided a program for it which was in effect a piece of Romantic autobiography. In later years, he conceded that if necessary, when the symphony was performed by itself in concert, the program would need not be given outShow MoreRelatedThe Importance of Function Over Form in the Classical Concerto1406 Words   |  6 Pages In the 18th century, the concerto was transformed into a viable instrumental genre to both demonstrate virtuosity as well as a cohesive character that embodied the natural. Though the series of changes from the Baroque concerto grosso to the Classical concerto were gradual and cannot be attributed to a single composer, the Piano Concerto No. 20 in D minor K. 466 by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart is a skillful representation of the genre in that era. Of particular interest in this concerto is the treatmentRead MoreMusic As A Form Of Art1125 Words   |  5 PagesMusic is an art to reflect human’s emotion. It is the science or art of using tones and sounds in association and in temporal relationships to make construction having unity and continuity.It can be divided into classical music, pop music, folk music and instrumental mus ic. In the types of art, music belongs to abstract art. Music can make people pleasant and bring enjoyment of auditory sense to people.Music refer to an art include melody, rhythm ,harmony vocal and instrumental sounds.There is noRead MoreCommercial Advertisement : Coca Cola Make It Happy846 Words   |  4 Pageswas a sleep. It is, therefore, evident that different moods were noticed in the advertisement, and this is instrumental in ensuring that the commercial attains its intended purpose. 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The soundtrackRead MoreThe Art of Music Essay1253 Words   |  6 Pagesart of music Next to the Word of God, the noble art of music is the greatest treasure in the world. ~ Martin Luther Renaissance music, as in many arts, was widely spread by the innovation of the printing press, causing many commons to learn about music themselves. From it’s composers, one being Palestrina, another being Josquin Desprez to the many components involved with it such as: textures, melodies, harmonies, and the words and music, to the styles of music, Sacred and secular music, to theRead MoreThe History Of Rock And Roll1028 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Heavy Metal† music Term paper 10/15/2015 Student: Robert Thoroughman MU1133 The History of Rock and Roll Instructor: Dr. Barry E. Kopetz Heavy Metal is a genre of music that is defined by Dictonary.com as an â€Å"aggressive and heavily amplified rock music, commonly performed by groups that wear spectacular or bizarre costumes†. 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It was the only type of music allowedRead MoreAnalysis of Kanye Wests All Falls Down Essay1206 Words   |  5 PagesPersonal Context Essay: All Falls Down Kanye West produced the popular song â€Å"All Falls Down† in 2004. He is well known for creating many wonderful tunes but this one stands out above the rest. While his other songs contain bass-heavy instrumentals and contain lyrics about money and women, this one is strays away from the previous structures. â€Å"All Falls Down† catches the attention of youth, with its mellow melody, to send a strong message concerning the overemphasis on money and education

The s Influence On The Family Essay - 2151 Words

Now with turning the attention towards Jenita, she quickly began to explain her personal past and upbringing. She was born and raised in the southern suburbs. Unlike Charlie, she grew up in a middle-upper class home. For Jenita and her siblings went to Catholic schools from kindergarten through high school. Not only did her parents pay for private education, they also paid for their college as well. Jenita’s father was a cardiac (heart) surgeon and her mother was a surgical nurse. Among Jenita and her siblings, she was the oldest. Therefore, due to their parents’ demanding work schedule at the hospital, Jenita took on many of the domestic responsibilities at home (babysitting, cooking, cleaning and laundry). Not only was she responsible around the house, she always was a straight A student as well. She also shared a few episodes when she got bullied at school, due to her ethnicity and the color of her dark skin. As the bullying was considered a huge insult to her family, Jenita’s father decided to hire a body guard to protect her in school. She continued to share how her family spent their summers in the Philippines and how she was always daddy’s little girl. At the age of 16 years old, Jenita’s father passed away. While he was sitting in his car waiting for the barber shop to open, he suffered from a massive stroke. By the time someone recognized him and realized he was unresponsive, he was already gone. A week after the funeral, one of her friends asked her to accompanyShow MoreRelatedTed Bundy s Influence On The Family1591 Words   |  7 PagesTed Bundy was born on November 24, 1946 in Burlington, Vermont, bringing much disgrace to his mother and family. Bundy wa s born out of wed lock, his mother Eleanor Louis Cowell was twenty-two and was raised in an overly religious household. Cowell moved back home to Philadelphia with her parents to raise her new son. To hide the fact that he was an illegitimate child, Bundy was raised to believe his grandparents were his parents and his mother was his sister. They moved soon thereafter to TacomaRead MoreMy Family s Influence On Your Literacy1727 Words   |  7 Pages(1) a brief biography of your family’s influence on your literacy In a small city like Tucson, Arizona that is close to the border of Mexico also including myself the education was the biggest problem for many, also including myself. Growing up within my community and race, one of my biggest challenges that I faced in my education was me not being allowing to speak my first language, Spanish, since I started in elementary until now. Many English Second Language Learned tend to forget to speak theirRead MoreMy Family s Influence On My Life870 Words   |  4 Pagesmy communities include my family, friends, schools, work, and the town I live in. My communities have had an influence on who I have become as a person and continue to influence me on a daily basis. As I reflect back on the past twenty years, the community that has had the most impact on me is my family. Now, everyone has their own definition of family. So, when I say the word family, I am referring to my mom and dad. These two people have had the most influence on my life. From the veryRead MoreFamily Is An Important Influence On A Child s Life1767 Words   |  8 Pagesthe benefits of parental care. Family makes an important influence on a child’s life. Children depend on parents to protect, support, and give them guidance in life. Adoption agencies help children feel that love and connection by finding them a place to call home. In order to adopt a child, adults go through an adoption process. This process takes time due to the agencies checking background information and having a depth investigation of the adopting family. Second, the agencies eliminateRead MoreMy Family s Influence On My Life Development1601 Words   |  7 Pagesfather in the household family; has more power and sets up family rules. In contrast to other Vietnamese people, my father‘s style is authoritative, and my mother’s style is permissive. Both my parent’s lifestyles have influenced my whole life development. I learned from my parents’ knowledge, values, beliefs, expectations and it passed on to me to present time until I am married and have children. First of all, I was born in Vietnam. I am the youngest child in my family. My parents are pastorsRead MoreFamily Communication Patterns : Mothers And Fathers Communication Style And Children s Influence On Family Decision Making850 Words   |  4 PagesREFERENCE LIST Bakir, A., Rose, G. M, and Shoham, A. (2006) Family Communication Patterns: Mothers and Fathers Communication Style and Children s Perceived Influence in Family Decision Making. Journal of International Consumer Marketing. 19 (2), 75-95 Belch, G. E., Belch, M. A., Ceresino, G. (1985) Parental and teenage child influences in family decision making. Journal of Business Research, 13(2), 163-176. Blichfeldt, B. S., Pedersen, B. M., Johansen, A., Hansen, L. (2010) Tweens Tourists:Read MoreThe Influence Of Adult Family Members On Children s Fast Food Consumption1226 Words   |  5 PagesThe Influence of Adult Family Members on Children’s Fast Food Consumption: A Health Belief Perspective Introduction: Lee and Lien (2015) carried out a study on â€Å"The Influence of Adult Family Members on Children’s Fast Food Consumption: A Health Belief Perspective.† It is a common belief that fast food is a health hazard, however, more often than not, parents struggle to limit their young ones intake of such foods. Reasonably, parents are continuously searching for appropriate methods to prevent childrenRead MoreSocial Media s Influence On Social Interactions With Friends, Family, And School Essay2499 Words   |  10 Pagesincreased the way children communicate and interact with peers, family members, and teachers. My son spent most of his time on a computer, phone, tablet, or television. A lot of his homework and research he does for school is done online. His relationship with many of his friends is through text, snap chat, facebook, or video games. His communication with our family is similar with the exception of a phone call once in a while to family overseas. 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This paper will examine the key needs that parents provide such as physical necessities, learning, self-respect, peer relationship, harmony, and stability. It will also look at what influences peers have on each other and how peer groups affect the child s decisions and beliefs. It s often said that parents have little influence on their children

Previously conducted Free Essays

Business environments exhibit a variety of structures and processes, Including flat and horizontal organizational forms, ultrasonically matrix structures, networks of â€Å"virtual organizations† and self- directed work teams. When business organizations respond to challenges by embarking on a change management path, they are faced with choices of which one of the management methods, techniques, and systems would be most effective (Waldron, 2005). Every organization is located within a particular configuration of contingencies. We will write a custom essay sample on Previously conducted or any similar topic only for you Order Now It Is dependent on the market and technological environment In which it operates its scale and diversity of operations, the technology applied to its work, ND the type of personnel it employs. To achieve congruence, an appropriate design is the one which best suits it’s contextual and operational contingencies. According to Mores and Yen (2001 , p. 352), â€Å"to be internally consistent, organizations must have tightly independent and mutually supportive parts In terms of strategies, structures and process†. The management of organizations faces a challenge to reinforce the management accounting system. Tragedies and structures together In order to achieve competitive advantage and enhance performance. Thus, research needs to e carried out to help management make appropriate decisions in order to achieve this congruence. This study examines companies in Malaysia’s manufacturing industry in responding to the rapid changes in technological and competitive environm ent In Malaysia as a result of globalization. Globalization has changed the environment surrounding organizations operating In developing countries with an increase In uncertainty, Intensified Industry competition and advanced technology. According to Kansas, Md-Mansard and Doris (2003) globalization brings in new genealogy and makes a developing country open to greater competition. These changes may affect the choice of management accounting practice (MAP) in an organization and may also result in the need for the firm to reconsider its existing organizational design and strategies in order to fit with the changing environment. This argument Is supported by Burns and Escapes (2000) and Shields (1 997), who suggest that changes in environment cause changes in organizations, which in turn cause changes in MAP. Background and Significance of the Study The business environment in a developing country differs from that within a plopped country with regards to market size, access to manufactured Inputs, although some developing economies are quite large, most are not; the menu of domestically produced intermediate inputs and capital equipment is often limited; a scarcity of technicians and scientists also affects flexibility in the production process and the ability to absorb new technologies; infrastructure is relatively limited; macroeconomic and relative price volatility is typically more extreme; legal systems and crime prevention are also relatively poor; and corruption is often a serious problem. Malaysia is categorized as the developing country, however it has more advanced infrastructure and technology compared to most other developing countries. Malaysian manufacturing industries are also more concentrated than those of most developed countries (Apothecary, 2002). With globalization, the application of technology in Malaysia has increased, especially through foreign investment (Kansas et al. , 2003). Changes in business environment in Malaysia arising from a market- oriented economy and government policies that provide businesses with the opportunity for growth and profits, have made Malaysia a highly nominative manufacturing and export base. LITERATURE REVIEW Management Accounting and Its Evolution: The basic purpose of accounting information is to help users make decisions. Management accounting is branch of accounting that produces information for managers and forms an important integral part of the strategic process within an organization. It involves the process of identifying, measuring, accumulating, analyzing, preparing, interpreting, and communicating information that helps managers fulfill organizational objectives (Hormone, Sunder, Stratton, Burgomaster, Chatterer, 2007). Chartered Institute of Management Accountants (I-J) views management accounting as an integral part of management which requires the identification, generation, presentation, interpretation and use of information relevant to: – Formulating business strategy; – planning and controlling activities; – decision-making; – efficient resource usage; – performance improvement and value enhancement. Johnson and Kaplan (1987) argued for a ‘relevance lost’ in management accounting. They pointed the issue of inappropriateness of conventional management accounting techniques which offered little capacity for roving useful and timely information for better decision and control in the contemporary environment of rapid technological change and vigorous competition. Following Johnson and Kaplan (1987), management accounting techniques had rapidly developed for better decision-making and management control. To promote a better understanding of the changes in management accounting practices, the International Federation of Accountants (AFC) (1998) provides a framework explaining the development of management accounting. This framework explains the evolution in management accounting through four recognizable stages. Management Accounting change: Management accounting change is not a uniform phenomenon. Consequently one confirmed by management accounting. Researchers. It is evident that both the external factors (environmental) and internal factors (relating to the organization concerned) have influenced the recent development of new management accounting systems and techniques. According to Shields (1997), the potential change drivers are competition, technologies, organizational design and strategies. These drivers of change also indicate the differing roles which causal factors can have in the process f change. Change in environment also implies uncertainty and risk which create a demand for further management accounting change in the form of ‘non-financial’ measures (Vivo, 1999). Less attention has been given by researchers to the management accounting change process. Burns and Escapes (2000, p. 4) observed that, â€Å"little research attention has been given to understanding the processes through which new management accounting systems and practices have emerged (or failed to merge) through time†. Change can be addressed in a variety of dimensions. According to The American Heritage Dictionary, 4th Edition, change includes all of the following aspects: becoming different or undergo alteration; transformation or transition; going from one phase to another; making an exchange; modifying; substitution; giving and receiving reciprocally; replace with another; abandon. This definition illustrates different types of change and shows that, in general, it is not a uniform phenomenon. Wisecracking and Alliterate (2007) suggest change in management accounting as a learning methodology to understand how environmental factors shape internal process within organization. According to them, the process of change reflects on the question of how management accounting techniques emerged, evolved and were transformed when new demands from the changing environment are in place. From a management accounting perspectives, different types of change can be researched upon. For example Essay (2003) study change with respect to the integration of Activity Based Costing (BBC) into strategy to manage organization’s operating activities. It is suggested that BBC can contribute to improve organizational performance if implemented as part of the overall organizational change strategy. Prefer, McKinney and Harrison (2003), examined changes in term of introduction, abandonment and reintroduction of transfer pricing in government trading enterprise as it moved from protected monopolistic status to centralization. Research Method Data sources There are two types of data sources are used to obtain the required information 2. 1. Primary Data: Direct interview though a survey questionnaire. That was needed for this assignment. Secondary data Online articles on management accounting Previously conducted research papers on different issues of management accounting magazines, brochures, etc This study has attempted to enhance our understanding of the effect of a lignment among management accounting and organizational change, in Malaysian manufacturing companies, on performance. It explores the causal relationship between competitive environment and advanced manufacturing technology; with MAP, strategy and structure. Interrelationship between MAP with structure and strategy is also investigated. The research findings confirm that the model developed mainly from a Western perspective is largely applicable to the Malaysian context. Moreover, this study presents a number of distinctive findings to add to the existing iterate. It identifies certain important associations, particularly in relation to the alignment among the organizational factors, I. E. , MAP, structure and strategy. As the business environment is continuously changing, organizations and their managers will find it is critical to cope with these changes to ensure that institutional factors are properly matched. Supply of relevant information is essential for managers to make effective decisions regarding an appropriate alignment. This study had been designed to achieve the research objectives. By employing a valid and reliable theology, this study has significantly contributed to the theoretical and methodological knowledge in this area. The findings from this research also provide a useful guideline to organizations, especially their managers, to make decisions in light of the current changing environment. Apart from these contributions, this research’s outcome has also provided useful guidance for future research. References magazines, brochure CT Web link http://www. En. Wisped. Org/wick/about management accounting http:// en. Wisped. Org/wick http://en. Wisped. Org/wick/management accounting system How to cite Previously conducted, Papers

Erika Riemann’s Oral Testimony on Life in East Germany During the Cold War free essay sample

There had been massive destruction of the country’s infrastructure (Bessel 2011), it lacked political structure and economic activity had plummeted. There was a scarcity of food, fuel and housing and Germany was in no condition to clothe or feed its population (O’Dochartaigh 2003). Following conferences at Potsdam between the Soviet Union and the Western allies (America, Britain and France) in 1945, Germany was divided into four zones of occupation; the Western Allies in the west and the Soviet Union in the east. Berlin, although entirely in the Eastern Soviet Zone, was divided similarly to the rest of Germany, with the Western Allies controlling the western sectors of Berlin and the Soviet Union controlling the eastern sector (Williamson 2001). Each of the four countries exercised supreme power in their own zones and they began to create a new order in each zone based on their own view of what would be best for the Germans (Williamson 2001). In 1945 in Soviet East Germany, eleven internment camps were set up, to systematically punish those who the soviets saw as enemies. The soviets claimed that the camps would be used as an intern for active Nazi’s and opponents of communism. In reality, the camps were full of German youths who had been accused of charges of belonging to Werewolf groups engaged in underground activity against the Soviet Union (Bruce 2003, p. 6). The camps were also used to house opponents of the SED (Socialist Unity party) as well as capitalists, social democrats and communists who did not meet with official approval. Children as young as 14 were imprisoned and it was not necessarily a requirement to have broken the law to be imprisoned. The arrests were indiscriminate, to the point where an internal review by the soviet authorities showed that 35,000 people had been wrongfully arrested (Kitchen 2012). Most of these people were released in 1948; however, there were thousands who were handed over to German authorities in 1949 to complete their sentences. Approximately 150,000 Germans were interned between 1945 and 1950, and the death rates in these camps have been estimated to be around 35-40 percent (Bruce 2003, p. 6). Riemann served 8 years and 16 days of her 10 year sentence as a political prisoner. Following her arrest, she spent time in a castle dungeon at Ludwiglust for questioning. She was forced to confess to crimes she did not commit, including being part of the Nazi resistance movement. She was then taken to Bautzen a prison near Dresden, living conditions were awful, and inmates were locked in cages, the quarters were full of bugs and there were no toilets. She then moved to another prison fortress, Torgau where many women were raped. From there she was moved to the former Nazi concentration camp at Sachenhaun just outside of Berlin, which was run by the German police. She says that at first she had been very happy to be committed to the Germans, as she and other inmates believed that their cases would be reviewed, and they would be released, however, she says that â€Å"what we had to endure under the Germans was worse than everything we had experienced under the Russians. † The inmates were subjected to physical and psychological torture, for instance, Riemann speaks of the inmates being sent to the shower block once a fortnight, and being told that gas would come of the showers. This caused great panic, and they were relieved when only water came out. After Sachsenhausen, Riemann was then sent to Hoheneck prison. She was put in solitary confinement where she tried to hang herself in December 1953. â€Å"I didn’t see any sense in living; I didn’t want to continue. † She was rescued, hospitalized and then sent back to a single cell. She was finally released on January 18th 1954, aged 22. Before she left Hoheneck she had to sign a document saying that she would not talk about her arrest and say only that she was treated well. There are both strengths and limitations in using an oral testimony to learn about the past. While on one hand, it provides a first hand experience that uncovers feelings and interpretations and not just facts, on the other hand, it can be biased and prone to the selectiveness and lapses of memory. Without first hand accounts of such events, there would be many gaps in history as only relying on documents could cause certain information to be covered up or lost. An oral testimony can provide personal insights, or anecdotes rarely found in official document. For instance, Riemann was forced to sign documents stating she was treated well during her internment, and it would not be known otherwise nless she and other prisoners gave their oral testimonies. Most of the limitations surrounding oral testimonies are attributable to human fault. For example, Interviewees may be unwilling to discuss mistakes or errors they made, even years after the event took place. Also, due to the limitation of human memory some interviewees may be unable to provide accurate accounts. This is of par ticular concern when an interviewee is recounting traumatic events or actions. Furthermore, as time elapses between the experience and its recounting, individuals tend to condense the sequence of events and will often omit critical actions and judgments. It took Riemann more than 50 years before she felt able to speak publicly of her experiences. She states in her oral testimony that, â€Å"because I was and am still, of course, the youngest inmate, I need to do something for those people (her fellow inmates at Sachsenhausen). † Riemann witnessed the suffering and death of many inmates during her internment and perhaps this is why she wants to make people aware of what really happened, and to give an insight in to what life really was like for many people living in Soviet East Germany. Talking about, probably helps release some of the internal injury and trauma, rather than keeping it bottled up inside. Erika Riemann’s testimony is a first hand account of life in East Germany during the cold war. While there are both advantages and disadvantages to an oral testimony, the insight it gives into her life during the Cold War is something that cannot be found in documents. Reference List Kitchen, M 2012, A History of Modern Germany: 1800 to the present, Second edition, Blackwell Publishing Ltd. Bessel, R 2011, ‘Establishing Order in Post-war Eastern Germany’, Past and Present, 210, 6, 139-157. Bruce, G 2003,’The prelude to Nationwide Surveillance in East Germany’, Journal of Cold War studies, 5, 2, 3-31. O’Dochartaigh, P 2003, Germany Since 1945, Palgrave MacMillan, PLACE. Williamson, D. G 2001, Germany from Defeat to Partition 1945-1963, Addison-Wesley Longman Limited.

The Role of Vitamin D for Tuberculosis Treatment

Free Essays on What Are People Really In Search Of

What Are People Really in Search Of In his play, Joe Turner’s Come and Gone August Wilson dramatizes the introduction of African Americans into the industrial economy of the twentieth century. Wilson’s play takes place in a Pittsburgh boarding house in 1911. This setting is appropriate since most of the characters are displaced people, migrating north, whether uprooted by desires of opportunities or fleeing the tyranny of the South. Recognizing that all characters in this play are on a search for self-actualization, the search by the characters Seth Holly, Rutherford Selig, Bynum Walker, and Herald Loomis is not motivated by practical consideration, but rather economic opportunities and spiritual renewal. Seth is a boarding-house owner determined to achieve material success. He refuses to acknowledge any suggestion of his African heritage. Seth’s focus in life is to become financially stable by any means necessary. He is very demanding of boarders, insisting on advanced payment in full, and is preoccupied with maintaining a respectable house. The revealing aspect of Seth is his scorn for the African American movement north. When one of his young boarders gets in trouble with the police, Seth tells Bynum, â€Å"These niggers coming up here with that old backward country style of living. It’s hard enough now without all that ignorant kind of acting. Ever since slavery got over there ain’t been nothing but foolish-acting niggers† (Wilson 2042). The expression reveals Seth’s refusal to acknowledge any affinity with his African past. He is a man who wants to blend into the white man’s world. The representation of white material success t hat Seth longs to imitate is Rutherford Selig. His ongoing negotiations with Selig over the manufacture and sale of dustpans manifest his longing for the white man’s success and opportunities to exploit African Americans. Seth is a hard worker, not only does he run the boardi... Free Essays on What Are People Really In Search Of Free Essays on What Are People Really In Search Of What Are People Really in Search Of In his play, Joe Turner’s Come and Gone August Wilson dramatizes the introduction of African Americans into the industrial economy of the twentieth century. Wilson’s play takes place in a Pittsburgh boarding house in 1911. This setting is appropriate since most of the characters are displaced people, migrating north, whether uprooted by desires of opportunities or fleeing the tyranny of the South. Recognizing that all characters in this play are on a search for self-actualization, the search by the characters Seth Holly, Rutherford Selig, Bynum Walker, and Herald Loomis is not motivated by practical consideration, but rather economic opportunities and spiritual renewal. Seth is a boarding-house owner determined to achieve material success. He refuses to acknowledge any suggestion of his African heritage. Seth’s focus in life is to become financially stable by any means necessary. He is very demanding of boarders, insisting on advanced payment in full, and is preoccupied with maintaining a respectable house. The revealing aspect of Seth is his scorn for the African American movement north. When one of his young boarders gets in trouble with the police, Seth tells Bynum, â€Å"These niggers coming up here with that old backward country style of living. It’s hard enough now without all that ignorant kind of acting. Ever since slavery got over there ain’t been nothing but foolish-acting niggers† (Wilson 2042). The expression reveals Seth’s refusal to acknowledge any affinity with his African past. He is a man who wants to blend into the white man’s world. The representation of white material success t hat Seth longs to imitate is Rutherford Selig. His ongoing negotiations with Selig over the manufacture and sale of dustpans manifest his longing for the white man’s success and opportunities to exploit African Americans. Seth is a hard worker, not only does he run the boardi...

PPP answers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

PPP answers - Essay Example Each subsequent slide is clear in handling just one sub-topic relevant to financial analysis. When each slide depicts a single sub-topic, the presenter manages to show the distinction in each step. Good flow and articulation of points from one sub-topic to the other is evident. The second aspect the power point presentation is that slides clearly express what McKesson Corporation presenter intends to convey. The slides directly focus on the financial analysis and emphasizes on key information. Graphical representations mainly have color variations that show audience the differences in lines used for each variable. MCK, for instance, is outstanding in red color. Consequently, audience can easily make a comparison and relate variables in the graph. In addition, related variables occupy one slide for easy comparison. For example, variables of profitability such as Return on equity, Gross profit margin and Return on total assets have one slide for an easy relationship. Another outstanding quality observed is that the slides do not contain unnecessary clipart and unuseful generic photographs. The third aspect is that presenter has remained careful enough to avoid redundancy at the expense of precision in his power point presentation by not using obvious remarks. PowerPoint presentation has carefully avoided overused business terms. Use of new uncommon business terms help audience to avoid getting bored and presentation becoming monotonous. The power point presentation of McKesson Corporation, however, has excess information in every slide apart from the first two. As a result, it becomes difficult for audience to retrieve vital information during the presentation. Moreover, some of the audiences fail to see clearly the contents of power point slides. Small texts in the slides may disadvantage those audiences with blurred vision and shortsightedness. When preparing the slides, information in each of them should not be too many that

An Exploration of Beethoven and Haydn Music Careers Essay

An Exploration of Beethoven and Haydn Music Careers - Essay Example Beethoven was born in a place then called Cologne which is the Germany at present. During his youth Beethoven moved to Vienna and stayed there. It is in this phase of his youth that he met another influential icon Joseph Haydn. Beethoven experienced a meteoric rise in his career as a virtuoso pianist although his youth was later plagued by the deterioration of his hearing capabilities. The predicament did not annihilate his career as he continued conducting and performing even when he had gone totally deaf. While Joseph Haydn developed his music career as an isolated musician a condition which as he put it, â€Å"forced him to be original†, Beethoven on the other end stemmed from a musically endowed pedigree. He was named after His grandfather Ludwig by his mother Ludwig Maria. Davies, Peter J, states that,†His grandfather was a musician at Roman Catholic Flemish lineage and was at some point Kapellmeister at the court of Roman Clemens August of Bavaria.† Beethoven’s father was Johann van Beethoven who lived from 1740-1792. Beethoven got his initial orientations into music from his father who was a natural tenor singer at the electoral court at Bonn. The development of Beethoven's music career was later supervised by Tobias Pfeiffer, a friend to Beethoven's father Johann. Like Haydn' Beethoven's music endowments were noted when he was of a tender age and this is well illustrated by the fact that by 1778 the youngster was already learning the organ and the viola upon his piano mastering endeavors. Haydn parents noted that Haydn had a musical endowment and reckoned that he would not get proper training in the place they were living in then Rohrau thus they accepted the offered by a relative Johann Matthias Franck to have Haydn trained as a musician by Franck from his home in Hainburg. On Beethoven's part, one of the most noted mentors of Beethoven was Christian Gottlob Neefe, the court organist. Neefe is particularly remembered for helping Beethoven make inroads into the classical music pedestal by assisting him to get his first compositions published. The compositions were an assortment of some keyboard melodies and variations. Musicians like other artists are custodians of a society's culture and history. This is so owing to the undeniable sensitivity of artists to the influence of various factors that charcterise their place and time settings. Traces of cultural, political, economic and social influences can be identified in an artists work and Beethoven's works are not an exception. A close exploration of His music indicates illuminant influences of values of Enlightenment and the surge of Romanticism which dominated the European society in his time. As Davies, Peter J, (Opcit) concurs this is glowingly illustrated by the composition and dedication of his music piece the Eroica which is Italian term for 'heroic" to the Leader Napoleon whom the musician had admired for his ideals of democracy and republicanism values of the French Revolution. Haydn's mettle in his isolated music career development earned him the label of "father of Symphony' and also father of "String Quartet". Haydn and Beethoven shared similar inclinations to the values of enlightenment in music. Beethoven later retracted the dedication to Napoleon when the Leader shifted into embracing imperial ambitions

War in Iraq Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

War in Iraq - Essay Example Rather, it was pursued in economic reasons. Scott (2003) cites the internally stated goal of securing the flow of oil in the Middle East. Scott refers to a report from the James A. Baker Institute of Public Policy at Rice University (April, 1997) which stated the problem of "energy security" for the US and noted that US was increasingly exposed to oil shortages in the face of the inability of oil supplies to carry on with world demand. Particularly, particular the report addressed "The Threat of Iraq and Iran" to the free flow of oil out of the Middle East. It concluded that Saddam Hussein was still a threat to Middle Eastern security and still had the military capability to exercise force beyond Iraq's borders. Scott continues that as soon as the Bush administration took office in 2001, it followed the lead of a second report from the same institute, which was co-sponsored by the Council on Foreign Relations in New York, the report representing a consensus of thinking among energy experts of both political parties, and was s igned by Democrats as well as Republicans. Entitled Strategic Energy Policy Challenges for the 21st Century, the report concluded: The United States remains a prisoner of its energy dilemma. ... Therefore the US should conduct an immediate policy review toward Iraq including military, energy, economic and political/ diplomatic assessments. Following this note is the looming phenomenon known as Global "Peak Oil", which is projected to occur around 2010, with Iraq and Saudi Arabia being the final two nations to reach peak oil production. US geophysicist M. King Hubbert, who in 1956 correctly predicted U.S. oil production would peak in 1971, first illustrated this crucial concept of Peak Oil in bell-shaped curves wherein each oil field in the world follows a more or less bell-shaped curve, and the composite view of the world's thousands of oil fields is one gigantic, ragged edged looking bell-shaped curve. According to Clark (2003), once Peak Oil is reached, the supply of oil/energy will begin an irreversible decline, along with a corresponding permanent increase in price despite the presence of increasing demand from industrialized and developing nations alike. Another reason pointed out on the cause of the war was to preserve the dominance of the dollar over the world oil economy. Clark (Revisited: The Real Reasons for the Upcoming War with Iraq, 2003) on the other hand believes that the US media and government failed to report that the war itself is in large part an oil currency war. In Clark's words, "a war intended to prevent oil from being priced in euros". He cites that a core reason for the ongoing war is this US administration's goal of preventing further Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) momentum towards the euro as an oil transaction currency standard. However, in order to forestall OPEC, they need to gain geo-strategic control of Iraq along with its 2nd

Equality and Diversity in Employment

Equality and Diversity in Employment Equality and Diversity in Employment. (1) In analysis of the ‘Thirst Burst’ case study there are a number of different issues facing the company. First, Thirst Burst as a company, is in a high-pressure setting in trying to achieve its vision of becoming the UK’s largest retail juice outlet. This vision creates great stress not only for the upper management but for all employees as well. This pressure stems from the competitive nature needed to achieve such results along with the uncertainties that are involved whenever a company searches to expand. In acquiring a new distribution plant, Thirst Burst also faced the challenge of assimilating the plant to work under the production standards and guidelines of its existing plants. Along with the acquisition of the brick and mortar, Thirst Burst also acquired the previous employees of this company. This led Thirst burst to have to educate the new employees on how business is handled under Thirst Burst and also the employee dynamic of these new employees were different from the usual makeup of Thirst Employees. This caused Thirst Burst to have to change its ways to accommodate the diversity of the employees. In efforts to increase the managerial staff Thirst Burst chose to keep costs down and promote from within. However, with the changing dynamics of the Thirst Burst employees, this is counter productive in that the great deal of existing employees fell under the general makeup of being white and male. Thereby deterring efforts to diversify all aspects of its business.The creation of a training and development program also slowed the need for diversity, as it gave managers the ability to recruit based on the guidance of, â€Å"ask anyone you regard as suitable and whom you think would fit in.† Since white male largely held management positions, the recruitment was largely steered in that direction and also discouraged other groups from taking part, for example females. Uncertainties in management led to high employee turnover rates and even to claims of discrimination by some employees when faced with tests that were only set in English, a language that was not the employees’ first spoken. Also, the newly integrated employees who were of different racial makeup created turmoil among existing employees who claimed that these employees did not integrate with the existing employees. The offset in employee satisfaction was even more evident after the October 2001 food scare, which caused a decline in sales along with the number of new job applicants. The food scare also created great tension within Thirst Burst, especially in health and safety procedures. This led to bias and irrational decisions made by management to create a controlled atmosphere among employees. However the choices made by management were focused more on individuals than on the entire field of employees and thus created a great level of unnecessary disdain between management and individual employees. The turn of events that followed led management to give this employee great warning about her apparel and when the employee refused to heed to these warnings citing religious belief and that other employees wore similar apparel that went without scrutiny by management. What followed were efforts to single out this employee for her action and management forced a ring of solidarity upon her, which e ventually tied into her becoming ill and led her to take a case to tribunal claiming discrimination. (2) The use of an equality and diversity oriented approach can ease some of the problems facing Thirst Burst. First, the more diverse an organization is facilitates its ability to attract, retain and maximize the utilization of the people from those diverse backgrounds. (Hollinshead, Nicholls, Tailby; 1999) Foreign employees are best understood in light of a diverse organization, also the diverse organization is best equipped to serve a diverse external clientele. Next, creativity thrives on diversity as a multicultural organization displays higher creativity and innovation. Another resource in diverse organizations is the ability to problem solve at a greater rate of resolution, which would have had a desirable effect in calming the food scare and the handling of individual employees afterwards. Research shows that such catastrophic disasters as the Bay of Pigs fiasco, the Challenger Explosion, and the My Lai Massacre are all examples of extreme consequences of groupthink that occurred in highly cohesive, homogenous groups. (Kandola, Fullerton; 1998) For example the homogenous group of white males that dominate the management positions at Thirst Burst. The promotion of diversity at Thirst Burst is not just about dealing with different races and nationalities working together but instead is about celebrating and promoting the differences brought to the workplace by each individual. This requires organizations to adapt to the cultural differences and sociological changes. This carries two-fold for an organization. It places an internal need to make everyone feel comfortable and valued, to where everyone is fully supported to contribute and develop within the organization. On the other side, it is necessary for the organization to adapt to the changing marketplace as diversity becomes more widely dispersed and the homogeneity declines. (Bingham; 2000) (3) In terms of legal and ethical considerations Thirst Burst can be faced with a number of potential problems. One problem that Thirst Burst may face as a largely dominant white male workplace as diversity is integrated is ethnocentricity. Which causes majority group members to view their own group as the right and best group and to evaluate the majorities beliefs, behaviors and values as more positive and correct over those of minorities. Also under such factors the minority groups are more prone to place complaints and grievances that will take time and costs by the company to resolve and counteract the productivity within the company. Diversity can also produce cultural clashes and stereotyping among the different groups of workers. A movement towards diversity may potentially polarize different social groups, harming productivity, while breeding cynicism and resentment. However if management can correctly correlate the different working cultures the result should be the enhancement of work relationships and work team effectiveness. However, the lack of effective diversity management may have diverse setbacks among diverse workgroups creating miscommunications, longer decision times, lower member morale and lower team cohesiveness, which will adversely reduce creativity, innovation, and problem solving. Conflict also results more frequently among diverse groups than in homogenous groups and when conflict does arise, majority group members see an incident of racioethnic injustice as isolated, while minorities view the event as part of a pattern of oppression that is imbedded in the social system. (Wirth, 2001) Problems that specifically effect Thirst Burst are its dominant white male workforce and the problems that entails in taken on a family based Asian company with a different ethical makeup. Also in its recruitment process it is not diversifying but rather recruiting from the same homogenous pool that already largely makes up the company. Also when promoting managerial staff the decisions were left to the managers that were already in place and research shows that majority parties are strongly tiered to promote sameness in the workplace. Thirst Burst also must now face discrimination suits for being partial to certain groups and their religious and ethical beliefs. Largely trying to make an example of the woman wearing the Kara, she refused and pointed out that many other employees wore rings but these employees were not told to remove their jewelry and the women was transferred to the packaging department. This department is extremely cold and she was the employee required to work there for entire shifts. The result, the woman fell to illness and was signed off sick. (4) The actions and approaches that Thirst Burst should make in context of equality and diversity are as follows. First Thirst Burst must define what is the point of view from both parties. This will allow for the identification of what particular behaviors are creating the conflict, how each party feels about the conflict, and what messages are being given. Next Thirst Burst must be considerate of the cultural influences that are pressuring each party to act in a certain way. From this Thirst Burst must evaluate approaches that will enable the company to accommodate the set of values bestowed by each party and not be deterred by the set of values that are most present from the majority group. From this Thirst Burst must find a solution that benefits both parties. This can occur when the company recognizes and accepts each side’s cultural values and is willing to explore different sets of ideals that will benefit all parties within the company. (Bingham; 2000b.) The goal of Thirst Burst must be to treat people as individuals and not paying attention solely to the differences among the groups. The problem with noting the differences is that largely the group in the minority is made to assimilate into the ideals of that of the majority with very few exceptions. A key factor to promoting diversity in the workforce is also to diversify upper management as well. Where tendencies hold to absorb new members and encourage them to adopt and adapt to the central culture of upper management. (Kandola, Fullerton; 1998b.) In all, Thirst Burst must value diversity by not trying to eliminate cultural differences, for example taking heed to the various religious holidays different groups are witness to. (Bingham; 2000c.) Diversity must play a role in the overall strategic business objective of Thirst Burst, where such a program can become lost in the mix if it is a separate strategy away from the core objectives of the company. Therefore, diversity goals mu st be linked to business goals and be a trait that is taken serious and not just matching the requirements of Affirmative Action and EEO programs. (5) â€Å"Managing Diversity† simply put means the effort and attention put forth by managers and other employees upon the diversity among the workforce and how each efficiently and effectively responds towards the challenges created by this diversity. There are key goals that any organization choosing to commit to the concept of managing diversity must adhere to. First, the workplace must contain an atmosphere that allows each individual can feel comfortable working effectively despite one’s cultural differences. Next, have an organization where each member can have a sense of personal achievement and are allowed to use their full potential to contribute towards the organization. Finally, making the most of the benefits of diversification including attracting the best available human talent, the penetration of more enhanced marketplaces and the workforce is better suited to serve a more diverse external clientele. Beyond that a diverse organization has a better underst anding of the political, social, legal, economic and cultural environment of foreign countries. Internally, a diverse workforce displays higher levels of creativity and innovation as ‘creativity thrives on diversity’. Research has shown that organizations that diversify their workforce are more adept at problem solving. Lastly, these same organizations are much better suited at adapting to change and consequently handle more organizational flexibility. (Kirton, Greene; 2000) In search of creating a work environment that best suits managers and employees as individuals a number of key pieces of legislation have been created in the UK over the last 35 years: In 1970, the Equal Pay Act gave individuals a right to the same contractual pay and benefits as a person of the opposite sex in the same employment, where the work duties shared are the same. In 1975, the Sex Discrimination Act prohibits sex discrimination against individuals in the areas of employment and education and in the disposal of management of premises. The 1976 Race Relations Act made it unlawful to treat a person less favorably than another on racial grounds, covering the areas of race, color, nationality, and origin. The 1995 Disability Discrimination Act prohibits discrimination against the disabled in areas of employment, the provision of goods, facilities, services and premises, education; and provides for regulations to improve access to public transport to be made. In 1999 the Sex Discrimination Regulations became a measure to prevent discrimination against transsexual people on the grounds of sex in pay and treatment in employment and vocational training. An amendment was made in 2000 to the Race Relations Act, outlawing discrimination and victimization in all public authority functions not previously covered by the Act. Another amendment was made in 2003 to the 1976 Race Relations Act. The new regulations extend protection from discrimination on the grounds of race and ethnic or national origins. These apply in the fields of employment and training, social protection and social advantage, education, the provision of goods, facilities and services, and housing.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   These pieces of legislature are vital to the success of organizational diversity as each plays a role in creating an element that values the individual and the individual’s values. Thirst Burst is committed to surpassing all levels of diversity awareness by providing a workplace that cherishes the differences each individual provides. These differences will become the new image of Thirst Burst providing a workplace where many different people will be able to provide many different ideas, with idea follows innovation and with innovation comes the success of this organization. Our goals are to expand into a broader market with a more diverse clientele and to meet diversity with our own sophistication of diversity within our organization. Thirst Burst will seek to accomplish this â€Å"Management of Diversity† through a number of various resources. Thirst Burst will place a great emphasis in HR to impartial recruiting, training and development, and performance appraisal. We will seek to create a more heterogeneous environment in race, ethnicity, and nationality. Establish accountability and measurement systems. Improve education, especially among management in valuing differences. Promote knowledge and acceptance of cultural differences and take advantage of the opportunities that management provides. Lastly, to creative a very positive mindset internally and externally about diversity. As Thirst Burst employees, know you comfort and achievement is our success! We look forward to a continually progressive relationship with each and every one of you on into the future!   Bibliography Kirton, G. and Greene, A-M. (2000) The Dynamics of Managing Diversity: a critical approach. Oxford, Butterworth-Heinemann Kandola, A. and Fullertonj, J. (1998) Managing the Mosaic: Diversity in Action. 2nd Edition. London, Institute of Personnel and Development Bingham C (ed) (2000) Valuing Diversity Management Best Practice: No 78 The Industrial Society Hollinshead G., Nicholls P., Tailby S., (1999) Employee Relations, Financial Times, Pitman Publishing Wirth L., (2001) Breaking Through the Glass Ceiling: Women In Management. Geneva, International Labour Office Internet Sites www.law.cam.ac.uk www.disability.gov.uk/legislation www.people.hbs.edu/dthomas/diversity.html

Othello :: essays research papers

In the Elizabethan times, there was a common belief that all beings belonged to a structure called the "Great Chain of Beings". At the top of the chain was God, who was the absolute symbol of perfection, followed by angels which had reason, human beings, and then animals, that were full of passion. It was believed that the human being was a mixture of both the angel and the animal, thus there was conflict between these two halves of a human being. The angel was representative of all that was right and virtuous and in contrast, the animal was representative of all that was wrong and self-serving. When Iago made the comment that, "Hell and night must bring this monstrous birth to the world’s light," (I, i, 394-395) his calling upon the forces of darkness to achieve his goal illustrates the imbalance in the conflict that rages in his soul. Iago is an individual who’s perspective of the world is dominated by his animal nature. Due to his own lack of virt ue, Iago does not believe that any virtue exists at all. In his actions, he seeks to bring all around him to the same level of existence. The motive for the evil he commits is none other than to commit evil. Thus beyond all of the reason and thought that he cloaks himself in, Iago is really a character that is truly dark at his core. Iago is a character who believes that there is no such thing as virtue in any individual that he meets. His animalistic perspective of individuals lets him believe that everyone around him has the same self-serving attitude towards life as his own. "When the blood is made dull with the act of sport, there should be game to inflame it and to give satiety a fresh appetite,"(II, i, 225-227). Iago’s animalistic nature believes that Desdemona will eventually cheat on Othello when she is satisfied with her body, for he believes that the only purpose of sex is to satisfy an individuals sexual craving. He does not believe in the virtue of love, so he can not understand that there was more to the relationship between Othello and Desdemona. Thus his lack of virtue limits his ability to see the intentions of the people who are around him. To him, the world around him is one that is governed by the basic rule of evolution, only the strong may survive.

Race Relations Essay

The article entitled â€Å"The state of race relations [Editorial].† was written by M. Fletcher & K. Thompson was taken from the Courier-Journal website http://www.courier-journal.com/ dated January 17, 2010 but was retrieved on January 27, 2010. The article focuses on racial profiling, particularly that of Black Americans by law enforcement. The first point that Fletcher & Thompson makes is how the first year of President Obama’s presidency brought the country face to face with racial schisms as much as it has promoted racial understanding. It is further implied that most Americans do not completely view President Obama as African American, citing that he is â€Å"Light-skinned†, has no â€Å"Negro dialect.† and therefore not subjected to the same police brutality as that of dark skinned African Americans such as Harvard scholar Henry Louis Gates Jr. Gates was arrested by Cambridge, Mass Police Sgt. James Crowley for disorderly conduct after police were called to his home suspecting to find a black man breaking into the home; Bates did not have his keys. All charges were subsequently dropped. The second point suggests that while the gap between whites and blacks has narrowed in the past decade, racial profiling and the reconciliation President Obama’s election seemed to have promised remains far off. President Obama seems to be what every red blooded American didn’t want in a president: black, little political experience, supposed Muslim beliefs and hope that Americans could become equal in all aspects of society. I am lead to believe the difference between African Americans and Anglo Americans is growing in a positive direction. As with Sgt. James Crowley, the view of black Americans remains relatively the same in a general sense, yet with the election of the first African American as President of The United States, the way law enforcement uses or collects data will be a basis for a unified change in how race is viewed throughout the world. The United States will reflect how those in authority are trained, educated and in cases where wrong doings are revealed, disciplined. No matter what changes are made in our future, wherever race is a factor there will be ignorance.

Inclusion1 essays

Inclusion1 essays According to the Curry School of Education, approximately 80% of students with learning disabilities receive the majority of their instruction in the general classroom (Inclusion. http://curry.edschool.virginia.edu/curry/dept/cise/ose.html. 10 Oct. 1999). That number is expected to rise as teachers and parents become aware of the benefits of inclusion. Because there are so many disabled students in regular schools, it is important to look at whether or not mainstreaming is necessary for their education. For parents, having their disabled children mainstreamed into regular education can be a difficult choice. Although disabled childrens education can be more challenging in regular schools, the benefits of inclusion include enhanced self-esteem, development of social skills, and exposure to regular curriculum. Many people believe mainstreaming only helps disabled children, but there are many challenges that hurt their education rather than help. Both faculty and students can be cruel to disabled students. Because they are not used to interacting with disabled children, faculty and students may be uncomfortable with the situation and be insensitive to the disabled children. By ignoring the disabled children or treating them badly, the children will lose self-esteem and may disrupt the class in order to show their unhappiness. Some teachers are not familiar with teaching disabled children, so the education is lacking for the children. Teachers may continue to teach their classes at an accelerated level, forgetting about the slower students. The students will then fall behind and get frustrated with the situation. All these factors hurt disabled childrens education and will hurt their chances at succeeding in life. Being in a regular school can help disabled children feel better about themselves and their accomplishments. When disabled children complete a more challenging task, they may ...

Grammar Advice

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A critical analysis of the role of ICTs for the strategic development Essay - 1

A critical analysis of the role of ICTs for the strategic development and an assessment of the electronic presence of British Airways - Essay Example Moreover, ICTs has assisted the British Airline to strategize and continuously assess of all external elements as well as competition posed by other airlines and customer needs. ICTs have helped the British Airways to adapt themselves in order to enhance the competitiveness (Zong 149). This model involves business transactions between business organizations and consumers. The organization sells and advertises its product through the internet. It provides consumers with online catalogue to choose a variety of their goods. One of the services offered include travel services. British Airways offer travel services to its customer who purchases goods through the internet (online shopping). This model involves consumers selling directly to other consumers. For example is an auction web site that allows consumers to advertise and sell their products online to other consumers. When a consumer purchases the auctioned goods, they need the transport service in order to have their goods at their premises. Therefore, through the ICTs mechanism, British Airways is able to satisfy the urgent need of transportation needed by the consumers. Mobile commerce refers to the use of internet to sell or purchase products online then availing the products into consumer’s hands using wireless technology. Lastly, British Airways has used several tactics to ensure improvement in its services to the customers. Such tactics include arranging sales settlements between airlines and travel agencies to enhance accessibility by the customers and empower often flyer programs that serve domestically to primarily serve the national market (Paul

Cause and Effect Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Cause and Effect - Essay Example Competition in the automobile industry has increased significantly in recent years. As a result customers are demanding high quality products at lower prices, and this is one of the main causes of outsourcing manufacturing of materials to foreign countries. Many automobile manufacturers are producing their materials in Third World countries in hopes of cheap labor and, therefore, the company will have to respond to the industry trend (Duhigg & Bradsher, 2012). Competitors in the automobile industry are desperately trying to increase their market share at any cost. In such a competitive environment, it is not possible for our company not to outsource manufacturing to foreign manufacturers. Another important cause of taking the outsourcing decision is the inefficiencies in local production. The cost of production in the developed world is increasingly rapidly and, therefore, it is not possible for companies to achieve high level of efficiency. Local employees have to be provided with employee benefits and a range of other facilities. Local employees can also not work for longer shifts continuously. It has also become difficult to increase productivity in a short span of time without sacrificing money while working with local workforce. This is why local production has become inefficient and this is one of the most important causes of outsourcing to foreign manufacturers. Production is also not very flexible locally which is why it takes a lot of time to respond to market changes (Duhigg & Bradsher, 2012). Specialized manufacturing companies can do this in a lot less time than local companies. Changing production outcomes and redesigning the process is a time consuming process and, therefore, it reduces the flexibility of our company. In today’s competitive business environment, it is essential that firms respond to market changes and customer demand in a very short

How to Write the Best Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

How to Write the Best - Essay Example The structure of an essay depends on what type of essay it is, but most essays follow a general pattern that includes an introduction, two or three main body paragraphs, and then a conclusion to wrap everything up. The outline does not need to be very detailed because it only provides a guide for how the essay will look when finished. Each paragraph in the essay should only have a couple of sentences to explain the key points and supporting evidence if any. Part of the process of forming an outline usually involves some kind of research. There are many sources available for students to find information about their topic. Many students make the fatal mistake of including information from sites such as Wikipedia. The vast majority of lecturers do not approve of the use of such sources because they are not reliable. Any Internet user can change a Wikipedia page, so the information contained on a Wikipedia page may be untrustworthy. The types of sources that should be used in an essay mu st be reliable sources. This means that the information should invariably come from a book, a peer-review journal, or newspaper article. Any source that has been professionally published by an expert in a particular field of study counts as a legitimate source. Â   Â   Â   Â   The next step in producing a high-quality research paper is to write a rough draft. This stage is all about getting down thoughts on paper rather than trying to come up with the perfect essay. If an outline has already been completed, then this stage can be concluded at a faster pace than without one. The introduction of an essay should be designed to introduce the reader to the topic without giving too much key information away. The most common way to do this is through the use of a hook, which is designed to catch the reader’s attention. After the hook, a thesis statement should tell the reader what the student’s view on a particular issue is. This part is extremely important because it will set the tone for the rest of the paper. It will also tell the reader what reasons the student is giving for justifying their position on a topic.

The Culmination of Transformations Molded Europe Essay Example for Free

The Culmination of Transformations Molded Europe Essay Europe underwent some major transformation from 1100-1300. The High Middle Ages, as this period was known, economic, political, religious and cultural revivals began to shape Europe. These changes were made possible for several reasons. One of those reasons was that Europe had become more settled after numerous invasions that occurred in the Early Middle Ages. The medieval kings began to apply centralized control. Advancement in agricultural practices also contributed to the European reform, as increased food supply stimulated commercial and urban growth. Also, due to pressures from the church, internal warfare and chronic violence in Europe was declining. One of the most exciting areas of revival was in economic conditions. The increase in food supply and agricultural production meant that trade increased. Commerce and interaction, which declined or completely halted during the dangerous disruptive years of the Central Middle Ages, reemerged. Increased trade led to several related and extremely important developments. One was the reintroduction of movement and interchange in parts of Europe, a dramatic change for people who had been isolated by limited resources and the dangerous conditions that had surrounded them. Now it was safer to travel, and there was the strong motive of trading surplus goods. Another change was the reemergence of currency throughout Europe. This was an extremely important change in the long run. Currency meant that land was no longer the only source of wealth. This eroded the monopoly of power held by feudal lords and vassals. Currency meant the beginning of a more complex economy and social system, providing more opportunities for people. Political revival was the most threatening to feudal lords and vassals. This was the process by which kings started to successfully build states in some parts of Europe. Although this took a long period of time, in some cases centuries, the process of state building began in the 1100s and 1200s in regions such as England and France and parts of Central Europe. The rise of kings meant less power for feudal lords as these monarchs built up their centralized control in the areas of military, taxation and legal enforcement. Although most modern states did not truly emerge until the 14th and 15th centuries, the threat to feudal lords became clear during the High Middle Ages. In the area of religion, the Catholic Church began to reassert its power in two ways. One was a movement within the Church to confront the problems of moral and financial corruption. An influential internal reform movement began in the 10th century. Over several decades, the efforts to create truly devout religious communities independent of outside political influence, and cleansed of corruption, sparked the imagination and passion of many in the Church. The emphasis on cleaning up corruption spread throughout Europe. The second area of reform took place at the highest level of the Church leadership. During the Central Middle Ages, popes were weak and often corrupt. During this period, the clergy was manipulated by powerful families. During the High Middle Ages, the Church distanced itself from political influence and corrupting influences as it gained greater support and respect from the common people and also greater control of its wealth. The culture of the High Middle Ages displayed a time of artistic vigor. Universities as we know them today, with faculty and students, were produced during this period. Kings and Popes competed to start up new universities. By the end of the Middle Ages, over 80 universities were in existence. Christianity was pivotal in the medieval society, as theology would play a vital role in the academic world. Christianity effected the actions of the kings and princes. Christianity would touch all Europeans lives. A philosophical and theological system was created in the schools and was referred to as scholasticism. This system was created to merge faith and reason and to exhibit that what was accepted on faith was in accord with what was learned as reason. The European civilization was transformed in the Middle Ages into a growing economy, nurtured by explosive trade, centralized government, agricultural progression and a cultural revival.

Property Law Rights of a Tenant

Property Law Rights of a Tenant Part 1 In this scenario, Raj has allowed his sister-in-law, Joyce, to live in his property. The question is whether Joyce enjoys the rights of a tenant, or if she is actually a mere licensee. There is, in English property law, a crucial distinction between the tenant and the licensee; the former enjoying significantly greater and more secure rights than the latter. It is often not, however, a clear cut distinction. In the present case, the terms of the occupation agreement that the parties drew up will need to be considered. Firstly, the document itself needs to be considered. The first term of it expressly states that Joyce is living in Rajs house as a licensee, and not as a tenant or lessee (that is, that no lease has been created). The document itself, however, might well represent a contract, which would put Joyce in the position of a contractual licensee (following such cases as R v Tao (1977) ). Even a contractual licensee, however, enjoys no proprietary interest in the property in question, as was evidenced in the case of Ashburn Anstaldt v Arnold (1989). A contractual licence can be contrasted to a bare licence, which is simply a personal permission, granted in this case by Raj to Joyce, without Joyce paying consideration, for her to enter his property. The purpose of the bare licence is to provide a defence against an allegation of trespass, so long as the licensee does not overstep the permission of the licence, as happened in the case of Tomlinson v Congleton Borough Council (2003). A contract ual licence, by contrast, must involve (as in any contract) valuable consideration moving from the licensee. This was established by Megaw LJ in Horrocks v Forray (1976). Joyce pays a monthly rent of  £600 to Raj, and this could well qualify as the consideration put the licence agreement on a contractual footing. The second term of the occupation agreement states that Raj can nominate a third party to share the premises with Joyce. This relates to the issue of exclusive possession, which is an essential element of any lease or tenancy. This was described as â€Å"the proper touchstone† of a lease by Windeyer J in Radaich v Smith (1959). Two seminal cases highlighted this distinction between leases and licenses. In Street v Mountford (1985), Lord Templeman stated that a tenant is entitled â€Å"to keep out strangers and keep out the landlord unless the landlord is exercising limited rights reserved to him by the tenancy agreement to enter and view and repair.† In AG Securities v Vaughan (1990), however, it was held that a licensee has â€Å"no legal title which will permit him to exclude other persons†. The agreement in the present case expressly allows for Raj to install a third party at his wish. This certainly argues strongly against anything other than a license govern ing the situation. Certain factors, however, suggest that it is not such a simple case of Joyce being merely a licensee. She pays a periodic monthly rent of  £600, and the occupation agreement states that she will live there for a fixed term of four years commencing 1 October 2005. To return to Street v Mountford (1985), the House of Lords, in that case, identified three inherent components of a lease or tenancy. The first was exclusive possession, which has been discussed already, and which is not apparently in evidence in this case. The second, however, is that the lease or tenancy must be granted for a fixed or periodic term certain. This means that the maximum duration of the lease or tenancy must be clearly ascertainable from the outset. Although the strict application of this rule was relaxed somewhat, the principle was reaffirmed in Prudential Assurance Co Ltd v London Residuary Board (1992). The 2005 agreement that granted Joyce the right to live in Rajs house clearly identified a term of fou r years after which the right would expire. In this respect, then, it would seem that the arrangement more closely resembles a lease. This is also a characteristic, however, of the contractual licence. The third element identified in Street v Mountford was the consideration that was discussed above. This too would suggest the arrangement is more akin to a lease, or at least a contractual licence, than a bare licence. It seems, then, that although the arrangement shares some of the characteristics of a lease, the rights enjoyed by Joyce are, in fact, only those of the licensee; that is, a person whose presence is only grounded upon the personal permission of the licensor. Joyces position is stronger than that of a bare licensee, however, by virtue of the contractual arrangement. A further blurring of the limits in this area exists between contractual licenses and equitable or estoppel-based license, which has increasingly become proprietorial in character. A contractual licence does not, however, confer any proprietorial interest on the licensee, as was illustrated in Cowell v Rosehill Racecourse Co Ltd (1937) by Latham CJ who stated that â€Å"fifty thousand people who pay to see a football match do not obtain fifty thousand interests in the football ground.† A longer contractual licence, however, such as the one enjoyed by Joyce, for a period of four years, begins to resemble a proprietar y interest in Rajs property, despite the absence of a right of exclusive possession. It is in relation to this last area that the decisive factor is most relevant. That factor is that when determining whether Joyces occupancy is a tenancy or a licence, the parties intentions (which were clearly that a mere licence should be granted to Joyce) are largely irrelevant. In Aslan v Murphy (1990), the court found that its task was to â€Å"ascertain the true bargain between the parties†. A crucial case of relevance to the present one was that of Addiscombe Garden Estates Limited v Crabbe (1958), in which an arrangement which purported to be a licence was in fact held to be a lease. Despite the fact that Raj and Joyce clearly intended the occupancy to be on the basis of a licence, and the contractual agreement was labelled as a licence, the court is at liberty to overturn this if the reality is that Joyce enjoys a lease. It seems unlikely, however, because of certain terms of the agreement, that Joyce enjoys a sufficient proprietorial interest in the property to becom e a lessee or tenant; but rather her position resembles that of a contractual (as opposed to a bare) licensee. Part 2 Section 11 of the Landlord and Tenant Act 1985 relates to the repairing obligations in short leases. Briefly, it obliges the lessor (that is, the party owning the greater estate, usually the freehold, out of which the lease has been carced) to undertake certain works and repairs to ensure that the property remains in good working order. An example is the obligation on the lessor to â€Å"keep in repair the structure and exterior of the dwelling house (including drains, gutters and external pipes)†. In recent years, this section has been considered in a number of cases. A crucial case in the development of property law was Bruton v London Quadrant Housing Trust (1999). The relevance of section 11 to this case was that the claimant (or plaintiff as he then was) claimed that he was a lessee of the property in question, which was owned by the Trust. Of course, if he was a mere licensee, he would not benefit from the statutory protection afforded by the Act. The county court found that he was a licensee and there was therefore not any breach of section 11. The House of Lords overturned this, however. Subsequently, in Sykes v Harry (2001), the section was considered again. In this context, the issue considered by the court at first instance (and subsequently re-considered by the Court of Appeal was whether the landlords (that is the lessors) statutory duty under section 11 relating to the repair of properties subject to a short lease was co-extensive with the landlords contractual duty to keep in repair (that is, the obligation created by the lease instrument). Potter LJ stated that there is â€Å"implied into the tenancy a covenant by the tenant that the landlord may, at reasonable times of day, and on 24 hours written notice, enter the premises for the purpose of viewing their condition and state of repair.† Although at first instance the judge had found that the landlords duty to take care had been coextensive with the contractual duty of repair, the Court of Appeal overturned this using section 4 of the Defective Premises Act 1972, and the duties imposed on the landlord under this as the principal factor. Later that year, in Southwark London Borough Council v McIntosh (2001), section 11 was once again before the court. Here the property in question, which was owned by the council, became defective due to the effects of severe damp. The question before the court was whether the landlord (the council) was in breach of its section 11 duty of repair. The landlord appealed against a first instance decision that it was in breach, and the High Court said that the tenant had failed to establish sufficient evidence to the effect that the damp had been caused by the landlords breach of its section 11 duties. As such, there was no liability and the appeal was allowed. In Shine v English Churches Housing Group (2004), the question of damages awarded under section 11 was considered. The first instance judge had awarded damages to the tenant due to the landlords breach of section 11, but the Court of Appeal found these damages to be â€Å"manifestly excessive†. Research strategy My research began, in both instances, with a textbook. I used the contents page and the index of such books and Gray and Grays Land Law, 3rd Edition; and their Elements of Land Law to identify key sections, such as â€Å"lease† and â€Å"license†. I conducted some background reading on these two legal interests in property, in order fully to understand the potential issues relating to each. It became apparent that there is often a blurred boundary between the type of legal interest a party enjoys in a property, despite what that interest might be labelled as. Having conducted this initial reading of key sections in various textbooks, I began to look for specific cases in which the issue of the lease/license distinction, and the application of section 11 had been considered. For this I used both textbooks, and electronic resources. I accessed LexisNexis Butterworths online, and was able to start by doing basic keyword searches in the case locator engine. From here I was able to read the judgments in the various cases, as well as (in some instances) abstracts of the key issues. In researching section 11, I began by finding the statute itself at the Office of Public Sector Information (again, available online) and was able to locate cases where it had been considered and applied. BIBLIOGRAPHY Statutes Defective Premises Act 1972Landlord and Tenant Act 1985Law of Property Act 1925 Cases Addiscombe Garden Estates Limited v Crabbe [1958] 1 QB 513, CAAG Securities v Vaughan [1990] 1 AC 417Alker v Collingwood Housing AssociationAshburn Anstaldt v Arnold [1989] Ch 1, CAAslan v Murphy [1990] 1 WLR 766, CABruton v London Quadrant Housing Trust [1999] 3 All ER 481Cowell v Rosehill Racecourse Co Ltd (1937) 56 CLR 605Horrocks v Forray [1976] 1 All ER 737, CAPrudential Assurance Co Ltd v London Residuary Board [1992] 2 AC 386, HLR v Tao [1977] QB 141, CARadaich v Smith (1959) 101 CLR 209Shine v English Churches Housing Group [2004] All ER (D) 125Southwark London Borough Council v McIntosh [2001] All ER (D) 133Street v Mountford [1985] AC 809, HLSykes v Harry [2001] EWCA Civ 167Tomlinson v Congleton Borough Council [2003] UKHL 47 Secondary sources Gray, K. and Gray, S.F. (2003) Land Law, 3rd Edition (London: LexisNexis)Gray, K. and Gray, S.F. (2005) Elements of Land Law (Oxford: OUP)

Haydn Middletons The Lie of the Land :: Literature Christianity Religion Essays

Making a Movie on Haydn Middleton's The Lie of the Land To make a movie from any source takes a lot of people in the process. It's not just one or two people sitting down saying "let's make a movie." There are things to be considered, things to be done and people to contact. In this essay, I plan to make a movie of Haydn Middleton's novel The Lie of the Land, just to give a glimpse of the complications involved with making a movie. The first step in any movie would have to be a script. No script, no movie. It's just that simple. A small group (or one individual) would have to sit down and write a script from this novel. Of course he (they) would have to decide what to focus on from the book, or what they (he) wants to dramatize, and if there is something that they (he) can put in the script himself that wasn't really there to begin with. For example, if the screenwriter(s) wanted to make this a romance story between the characters David and Quinn, then they would emphasize that dramatically. They might add some sexuality into said relationship, and even go so far as to have Quinn come back to David at the end of the movie. The key words that you would see on the screen would be "adapted from," meaning that the movie was based on this novel, but the screenwriter(s) wrote the movie from their interpretation. Of course, some things have to be in the script, such as David's story, but how focused it is depends, lik e I stated, on the screenwriter(s). Now that we have a script, and we'll cut out the process of submitting it to movie studios, the next step would be pre-production. For this purpose, we'll use a fictional studio and call it L 0 L studios. This studio, after accepting the script, would hire a producer. Let's use a name here, like Richard Donner. His job is to hire a director, audition a cast, find a location to film, or decide if it can be done on a sound stage (possibly both), and try to keep it all under budget. Our director would be James Cameron, because with his success recently, his name alone would bring people to see this movie, which is the whole goal of the project. Casting is difficult, because certain factors have to be looked at, such as looks, (do they look the part?

Five Pillars of Islam Essay

The First Pillar is the believers’ confession of faith, reduced to a few words that every member of the faithful from every continent and background can understand, from the illiterate nomadic herdsman in the deserts of Northern Kenya to the sophisticated trilingual businessman of Paris or Riyadh. The Second Pillar is the central act of righteous in Islam, the very essence of the life of a Muslim. The Third Pillar Islam is a significant presence in one hundred or more countries all around the world, and the majority religion in over forty. There are almost a billion believers. By the year of 2020, if present trends continue, half the world would be Muslim. Islam is an Arabic word meaning submission or commitment to the God. Islam is the humble recognition of the relationship between man and his divine creator and resonates with the familiar words from Judaism and Christianity. The fourth Pillar is the fasting. A Muslim must fast for the month of Ramadan. During the fasting month, one must refrain from eating, drinking, smoking, and sexual intercourse from dawn until sunset. The fifth and final Pillar is where a Muslim must make a pilgrimage to Mecca. Every adult Muslim who is physically and financially able to do so must make this pilgrimage at least once in his or her lifetime. The history of Islam begins with Muhammad and the Quran. The low level of importance given by Muslims to the events before Muhammad is illustrated by the Arabic term for the preceding century, the Time of Ignorance. Muhammad never claimed to be anything but mortal. For a non-Muslim with no knowledge of Arabic, is an exasperating, punishing read, apparently without order, narrative or conclusion. The magic of classical Arabic, in a modern example, was a strong element in the extraordinary power. In the Commonwealth of Medina, Muhammad was prophet, lawgiver, and prayer leader, commander of the army and head of state. So when he died, leaving only one surviving child, his daughter Fatima, and without providing for a successor or clarifying beyond doubt the method by which successor should be appointed, the ummah fell into dissention. The unity of Islam would never recover from the events that were to follow over the next two decades and no satisfactory answer would ever be found to the question of the legitimacy of subsequent Muslim rulers. There is no mystical ritual in mainstream Islam; there are no human intermediaries of divine interceders between man and God. There are no sacraments to be administered by the ordained few to the supplicant many. If God in the Muslim version forgave Adam for his transgression at the time, then man cannot be inherently evil, or born in original sin. So, like Adam, all men can be forgiven their sins directly by God without the need for intervention by any third party, whether a Redeemer on a cross, a virgin with child, or a priestly delegate operating through the medium of a confession box. The early history of Shia has moulded the character and faith of the sect into a form substantially different from Sunni Islam, even though the two branches both practise the Five Pillas and shares a common belief in the divine nature of the Quran. In order to penetrate the differences between the two, there is a rough parallel to be explored between Shia and Catholicism on the one hand and Sunni and Protestantism on the other. The comparison may be superficial and not always a perfect fit, but for an observer from a post Christian culture, the analysis is revealing nevertheless. Even though America is probably the most religious country in the Western world, with about 85 percent of the population professing belief in a god, religion was not considered a forming part in American culture. Religion in America is considered to be entirely contained within the word freedom the basis of the United States Constitution which does not once mention the word god. Faith for Americans is a free personal choice and therefore, in theory, has no place in the group activities of national politics and culture. Even school prayer is banned by a long-standing Supreme Court interpretation of the Constitution. In practice, of course, US elections are won and lost through religious support, as if the President’s job description included Chaplain-in-Chief. And a low-level battle rages constantly in US courts and legislatures between secularists attempting to uphold the strict separation of church and state, and religious groups intent on government funding for religious schools and faith-based initiatives.

H.G. Wells’s Time Machine

The cultural and intellectual climate of the last decade of nineteenth century was dominated by the theory of evolution and socialist ideas. It was an age when aristocratic gentlemen had the time and inclination to discuss and debate upon all kinds of social and scientific things, including time travel. At the very beginning, the novel succeeds in setting a tone of passionate intellectual curiosity and open-minded enquiry.Protagonist’s Journey of Plot and Conflict The Protagonist: The novel’s protagonist, identified only as the Time Traveller, is essentially a scientist and inventor. He is very scientifically minded, and comes out as a character whose life is dedicated to scientific advancement and understanding the nature of the world and life. Reason is central to his outlook of the world. In his investigations, he has stumbled upon some radical insights in the structure of reality, which lead him to build his fantastic time machine.The initial events: The novel begin s as the Time Traveller invites his friends to inspect his new invention – a time machine. He explains the idea to them†¦There are really four dimensions, three which we call the three planes of Space, and a fourth, Time†¦ There is no difference between Time and any of the three dimensions of Space except that our consciousness moves along it. (1)Scientists and mathematicians have been talking about a possible fourth dimension before him, but our inventor rightly identifies the fourth dimension not with an extra spatial dimension but with time. He then shows his friends a small model of his invention — a metallic frame with ivory and quartz parts. One lever can propel it toward the future, and another can reverse the direction. He helps one of his friends push the future lever, and the model promptly disappears. Where did it go? It did not move in space at all; it simply went to another time, the Time Traveller explains. His friends cannot decide whether to b elieve him.Next, the Time Traveller takes his friends to his home laboratory, to see his nearly complete, full-scale model. A week later he finishes the time machine, climbs aboard, and begins a remarkable journey to the future. The narrative is recounted in flash back, after the Time Traveller is back from his adventures.Seated in his time machine, the Time Traveller first presses the future lever gently forward. Then he presses the one for stopping. He looks at his lab. Everything is the same. Then he notices the clock: â€Å"A moment before, as it seemed, it had stood at a minute or so past ten; now it was nearly half-past three!† He pushes the lever ahead again, and he can see his housekeeper flit across the room at high speed. Then he pushes the lever far forward.The night came like the turning out of a light, and in another moment came tomorrow†¦. As I put on a pace, night followed day like the flapping of a black wing†¦ Presently, as I went on, still gaining velocity, the palpitation of night and day merged into one continuous grayness†¦ I saw huge buildings rise up faint and fair, and pass like dreams. (1)Eventually, the Time Traveller brings his vehicle to a stop. The machine's dials show that he has arrived in the year 802,701. What does he find?The Conflict: In the distant future where the Time Traveller lands, the human race has split into two species: one, brutish and mean, living below ground — the Morlocks; the other, childlike and gentle, living above ground — the Eloi. The central conflict of the novel revolves around these two groups. The Time Traveller identifies himself with the Eloi, at least to a degree, and among them he finds a lovely young woman named Weena, whom he befriends. Weena can be considered as the protagonist’s love interest. But soon he discovers, to his horror, that the troglodytes living below are cannibals and prey on the Eloi. Several adventures follow. The action scene of peak importance is the Time Traveller reclaiming his Time Machine stolen by the Morlocks escaping.The Climax: The novel has a kind of apocalyptic climax/anticlimax. Escaping from the Morlocks, the protagonist pushes the lever into the extreme forward position. By the time he is able to bring the machine under control, he has moved into the far future. Mammals have become extinct, and only some crablike creatures and butterflies remain on Earth. He explores as far as 30 million years into the future, where he discovers a dull red Sun and lichen-like vegetation; the only animal life in evidence is a football-shaped creature with tentacles. Wells's Time Traveller witnesses the end of the world, and apocalyptic vision that he carries back to the present. His revelation of finiteness implies that we can expect and must accept an end to life, an inevitable doomsday.The Epilogue: The Time Traveller then returns to his own time and to his friends. As proof of his experience in the future, he pro duces a couple of flowers Weena had given him, of a type unknown to his friends. After talking to his friends, the Time Traveller departs on his time machine and never returns. The narrator wonders about his fate. Where did he go? Did he return to the future or go instead to some prehistoric realm?Narration The bulk of the story is told from the viewpoint of the Time Traveller. The substance of the story is, however, framed within the narration of one of Time Traveller’s guests. This guest, the frame narrator, introduces the Time Traveller and lets him relate his adventure in an inset narrative. The frame narrator’s outside viewpoint carries a degree of objectivity and gives credibility to the inventor's   inset narrative. He grounds the story in a reality with which the audience can identify before and after experiencing the wondrous trip in the time machine. With the return to familiar surroundings, the reader, like the Time Traveller, might question the reality of such a strange experience (â€Å"Is it all only a dream? They say life is a dream†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ), but the presence of an honorable gentleman in the form of frame narrator gives more plausibility to the narrative of the protagonist who is by nature a dreamer and a visionary.Theme and Meaning Wells's inventor's interest in time traveling seems primarily for the sake of scientific accomplishment, to gain knowledge for knowledge's sake. H.G. Wells' story begins with, and constantly refers back to, the time machine itself. However, the machine is simply a device allowing the author to present his own perspective on a possible future. The main thrust of the story lies in this form of forecasting and prediction and also in the social comment about the conflicts between different classes or kinds of society. The main intent is not so much to explore the questions of time, but to illustrate the ultimate possible consequence of social and economic divisions of humanity. Thus, this story can be seen more as a social and political criticism than science fiction.The Time Traveller does not have a definite cause and effect explanation for the Eloi's society. To shape his theories he relies on the scientific method, using empirical evidence to reach conclusion that he reformulates with the discovery of new information. However, his inconclusive conclusions are largely conjectures.   The Time Traveller bases his hypotheses on socioeconomic conditions and theories (especially socialism) prevalent in his own period of the late nineteenth century, and on a metaphorical image of the capitalist and worker.Without knowledge of some causal chain, he lacks definite information to show what other variable elements may have affected mankind to produce the bifurcation of the human species and the predator-prey relationship of the Morlock and Eloi. While such ambiguities raise many unanswerable questions, the message that comes out of them is clear: any kind of widening gap between g roups of human race can prove costly in the end. The novel also answers one thing most directly: Eventually there will not be a trace of humanity left, the earth will become desolate and barren. The vision of the end of the world is perhaps the most haunting and yet the most enlightening aspect of this work, to me. I also wonder how it would have been if the Time Traveller pushed further, if only to catch the briefest glimpse into eternity.ConclusionNo idea from science fiction has captured the human imagination as much as time travel. We seem free to move around in space at will, but in time we are like helpless rafters in a mighty stream, propelled into the future at the rate of one second per second. One wishes one could sometimes paddle ahead to investigate the shores of the future, or perhaps turn around and go against the current to visit the past. The hope that such freedom will one day be ours is sustained when we observe that many feats formerly thought impossible have now been realized and are even taken for granted.When Wells wrote The Time Machine in 1895, many people thought that heavier-than-air flying machines were impossible. But just eight years later the Wright brothers proved the skeptics wrong. Flights to the Moon too strictly belonged to the realm of fantasy – until Apollo program achieved it. Might time travel be similar? Wells's swift-paced classic science fiction tale challenges us to dare to dream the impossible. The idea of time travel gained prominence through Wells's wonderful novel. Most remarkable is his treatment of time as a fourth dimension, which uncannily anticipates Einstein's use of the concept several years later.Interestingly, the Time Machine was Wells' first novel, and enjoyed an instant popularity, rescuing its author from obscurity and poverty. Today it stands as one of the greatest pioneering science fiction tales. I would like to read Jules Verne’s A Journey to the Moon after this.References:Wells H. G . (1898). The Time Machine. Retrieved May 10 2007 from http://www.gutenberg.org/files/35/35.txt H.G. Wells’s Time Machine The Protagonist: The novel’s protagonist, identified only as the Time Traveller, is essentially a scientist and inventor. He is very scientifically minded, and comes out as a character whose life is dedicated to scientific advancement and understanding the nature of the world and life. Reason is central to his outlook of the world. In his investigations, he has stumbled upon some radical insights in the structure of reality, which lead him to build his fantastic time machine.The initial events: The novel begins as the Time Traveller invites his friends to inspect his new invention – a time machine. He explains the idea to them†¦There are really four dimensions, three which we call the three planes of Space, and a fourth, Time†¦ There is no difference between Time and any of the three dimensions of Space except that our consciousness moves along it. (1)Scientists and mathematicians have been talking about a possible fourth dimension before him, but our inventor rightly identifies the fourth dimension not with an extra spatial dimension but with time. He then shows his friends a small model of his invention — a metallic frame with ivory and quartz parts. One lever can propel it toward the future, and another can reverse the direction. He helps one of his friends push the future lever, and the model promptly disappears. Where did it go? It did not move in space at all; it simply went to another time, the Time Traveller explains. His friends cannot decide whether to believe him.Next, the Time Traveller takes his friends to his home laboratory, to see his nearly complete, full-scale model. A week later he finishes the time machine, climbs aboard, and begins a remarkable journey to the future. The narrative is recounted in flash back, after the Time Traveller is back from his adventures.Seated in his time machine, the Time Traveller first presses the future lever gently forward. Then he presses the one for stopping. He looks at his lab. Everything is the same. Then he notices the clock: â€Å"A moment before, as it seemed, it had stood at a minute or so past ten; now it was nearly half-past three!† He pushes the lever ahead again, and he can see his housekeeper flit across the room at high speed. Then he pushes the lever far forward.The night came like the turning out of a light, and in another moment came tomorrow†¦. As I put on a pace, night followed day like the flapping of a black wing†¦ Presently, as I went on, still gaining velocity, the palpitation of night and day merged into one continuous grayness†¦ I saw huge buildings rise up faint and fair, and pass like dreams. (1)Eventually, the Time Traveller brings his vehicle to a stop. The machine's dials show that he has arrived in the year 802,701. What does he find?The Conflict: In the distant future where the Time Traveller lands, the human race has split into two species: one, brutish and mean, living below ground — the Morlocks ; the other, childlike and gentle, living above ground — the Eloi. The central conflict of the novel revolves around these two groups. The Time Traveller identifies himself with the Eloi, at least to a degree, and among them he finds a lovely young woman named Weena, whom he befriends. Weena can be considered as the protagonist’s love interest. But soon he discovers, to his horror, that the troglodytes living below are cannibals and prey on the Eloi. Several adventures follow. The action scene of peak importance is the Time Traveller reclaiming his Time Machine stolen by the Morlocks escaping.The Climax: The novel has a kind of apocalyptic climax/anticlimax. Escaping from the Morlocks, the protagonist pushes the lever into the extreme forward position. By the time he is able to bring the machine under control, he has moved into the far future. Mammals have become extinct, and only some crablike creatures and butterflies remain on Earth. He explores as far as 30 million years into the future, where he discovers a dull red Sun and lichen-like vegetation; the only animal life in evidence is a football-shaped creature with tentacles. Wells's Time Traveller witnesses the end of the world, and apocalyptic vision that he carries back to the present. His revelation of finiteness implies that we can expect and must accept an end to life, an inevitable doomsday.The Epilogue: The Time Traveller then returns to his own time and to his friends. As proof of his experience in the future, he produces a couple of flowers Weena had given him, of a type unknown to his friends. After talking to his friends, the Time Traveller departs on his time machine and never returns. The narrator wonders about his fate. Where did he go? Did he return to the future or go instead to some prehistoric realm?The bulk of the story is told from the viewpoint of the Time Traveller. The substance of the story is, however, framed within the narration of one of Time Traveller’s gue sts. This guest, the frame narrator, introduces the Time Traveller and lets him relate his adventure in an inset narrative. The frame narrator’s outside viewpoint carries a degree of objectivity and gives credibility to the inventor's   inset narrative. He grounds the story in a reality with which the audience can identify before and after experiencing the wondrous trip in the time machine. With the return to familiar surroundings, the reader, like the Time Traveller, might question the reality of such a strange experience (â€Å"Is it all only a dream? They say life is a dream†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ), but the presence of an honorable gentleman in the form of frame narrator gives more plausibility to the narrative of the protagonist who is by nature a dreamer and a visionary.Wells's inventor's interest in time traveling seems primarily for the sake of scientific accomplishment, to gain knowledge for knowledge's sake. H.G. Wells' story begins with, and constantly refers back to, the time machine itself. However, the machine is simply a device allowing the author to present his own perspective on a possible future. The main thrust of the story lies in this form of forecasting and prediction and also in the social comment about the conflicts between different classes or kinds of society. The main intent is not so much to explore the questions of time, but to illustrate the ultimate possible consequence of social and economic divisions of humanity. Thus, this story can be seen more as a social and political criticism than science fiction.The Time Traveller does not have a definite cause and effect explanation for the Eloi's society. To shape his theories he relies on the scientific method, using empirical evidence to reach conclusion that he reformulates with the discovery of new information. However, his inconclusive conclusions are largely conjectures.   The Time Traveller bases his hypotheses on socioeconomic conditions and theories (especially socialism) pr evalent in his own period of the late nineteenth century, and on a metaphorical image of the capitalist and worker. Without knowledge of some causal chain, he lacks definite information to show what other variable elements may have affected mankind to produce the bifurcation of the human species and the predator-prey relationship of the Morlock and Eloi.While such ambiguities raise many unanswerable questions, the message that comes out of them is clear: any kind of widening gap between groups of human race can prove costly in the end. The novel also answers one thing most directly: Eventually there will not be a trace of humanity left, the earth will become desolate and barren. The vision of the end of the world is perhaps the most haunting and yet the most enlightening aspect of this work, to me. I also wonder how it would have been if the Time Traveller pushed further, if only to catch the briefest glimpse into eternity.No idea from science fiction has captured the human imaginat ion as much as time travel. We seem free to move around in space at will, but in time we are like helpless rafters in a mighty stream, propelled into the future at the rate of one second per second. One wishes one could sometimes paddle ahead to investigate the shores of the future, or perhaps turn around and go against the current to visit the past. The hope that such freedom will one day be ours is sustained when we observe that many feats formerly thought impossible have now been realized and are even taken for granted.When Wells wrote The Time Machine in 1895, many people thought that heavier-than-air flying machines were impossible. But just eight years later the Wright brothers proved the skeptics wrong. Flights to the Moon too strictly belonged to the realm of fantasy – until Apollo program achieved it. Might time travel be similar? Wells's swift-paced classic science fiction tale challenges us to dare to dream the impossible. The idea of time travel gained prominence through Wells's wonderful novel. Most remarkable is his treatment of time as a fourth dimension, which uncannily anticipates Einstein's use of the concept several years later.Interestingly, the Time Machine was Wells' first novel, and enjoyed an instant popularity, rescuing its author from obscurity and poverty. Today it stands as one of the greatest pioneering science fiction tales. I would like to read Jules Verne’s A Journey to the Moon after this.References:1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Wells H. G. (1898). The Time Machine. Retrieved May 10 2007 from http://www.gutenberg.org/files/35/35.txt